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  • Micro enterprises conducted R&D for SEK 3.4 billion in 2023

    During 2023, R&D expenditure in enterprises with 1–9 employees, called micro enterprises, amounted to SEK 3.4 billion, which was 2 percent of total R&D expenditure in the Business enterprise sector. Most micro enterprises belong to service industries, however, their R&D activities were primarily directed towards manufacturing industries, especially basic pharmaceutical products. Strong employment growth among micro enterprises conducting R&D contributes to significant changes in the group over time, with both large out-flow of growing enterprises and in-flow of new start-ups.

  • No increase in R&D expenditure during 2024

    During 2024, total intramural R&D expenditure in Sweden amounted to SEK 230.4 billion and the R&D personnel corresponded to 106 531 full-time equivalents according to preliminary figures. Sweden’s R&D intensity is calculated at 3.6 percent, a decrease by 0.04 percentage points compared to 2023.

  • Swedish enterprises’ R&D investments continues to increase strongly – most R&D intensive in the EU

    In 2023, the business enterprise sector’s intramural research and development (R&D) expenditure amounted to 166,1 billion SEK, an increase of 14,4 SEK billion, or 9,4 percent, in fixed prices compared to 2021. Intramural R&D expenditure as percentage of GDP was 2,68 percent. Except for in 2021, Swedish firms has been the most R&D intensive in the EU in the last decade.

  • Intramural R&D growth strongest in the regions

    In 2023, the Government sector’s expenditure for intramural R&D amounted to SEK 9.1 billion. As a share of total expenditure for intramural R&D in Sweden, the Government sector accounted for 4.1 percent. In current process, expenditure increased by SEK 621 million compared to 2022, an increase driven by the regions.

  • Sweden’s Higher education sector among the most research intensive in Europe

    In 2023, the Higher education sector's R&D expenditure amounted to SEK 47.9 billion, 0.77 percent of GDP. The research intensity in Sweden's higher education sector is high in comparison with other countries within the EU/EFTA and only in Denmark was the Higher education sector’s proportion of GDP higher during 2023.