R&D in Sweden 2017 – government sector. Corrected version 2018-11-22
R&D expediture in the government sector increased
Statistical news from Statistics Sweden 2018-10-12 9.30
Expenditure on intramural R&D in the government sector amounted to SEK 5.6 billion in 2017, an increase in funding of 16 percent in fixed prices since 2015. As usual, intramural R&D expenditure differed between sectors.
In 2017, expenditure on intramural R&D in the government sector amounted to SEK 5.6 billion, an increase of 16 percent since 2015 in fixed prices. Government agencies accounted for the largest expenses, SEK 2.7 billion, almost half of total expenditure and a 9 percent increase since the previous survey in 2015. Intramural expenditure also increased in counties and municipalities, while it decreased in the local and regional R&D unit sector. The largest change since the previous survey is among municipalities, which more than doubled expenditure on intramural R&D.
The number of full time equivalents (FTEs) in the government sector amounted to 4 908 in 2017, an increase of 15 percent since 2015. FTEs performed by women accounted for the largest increase, 27 percent, compared to a 5 percent increase in FTEs performed by men.
2007 | 2009 | 2011 | 2013 | 2015 | 2017 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 6 266 | 5 547 | 5 703 | 5 034 | 4 850 | 5 633 |
Of which | ||||||
Government agencies | 3 881 | 3 166 | 2 865 | 2 531 | 2 483 | 2 702 |
Public research foundations | ‑ | ‑ | ‑ | ‑ | ‑ | ‑ |
County councils, excl. ALF resources[*] | 2 152 | 2 154 | 2 559 | 2 100 | 2 064 | 2 536 |
Municipalities | 90 | 70 | 70 | 156 | 104 | 229 |
Local and regional R&D units | 143 | 157 | 209 | 247 | 199 | 166 |
*ALF resources are accounted for in the higher education sector. These funds are therefore excluded from R&D expediture in the government sector.
Year | Total | Women | Men |
---|---|---|---|
2007 | 3 254 | 1 171 | 2 083 |
2009 | 2 605 | 897 | 1 708 |
2011 | 3 438 | 1 400 | 2 038 |
2013 | 3 277 | 1 554 | 1 723 |
2015 | 4 254 | 2 007 | 2 247 |
2017 | 4 908 | 2 557 | 2 351 |
2015 | 2017 | |
---|---|---|
Total | 2 483 | 2 702 |
Of which | ||
Civil agencies | 1 249 | 1 330 |
Defence agencies[*] | 1 234 | 1 372 |
*For reasons of confidentiality, the Swedish Security Service and the National Defense Radio Establishment are not included.
Civil agencies | Defence agencies | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Total | Women | Men | Total | Women | Men | |
2015 | 1 299 | 605 | 694 | 1 010 | 272 | 738 | |
2017 | 1 121 | 555 | 566 | 1 086 | 290 | 796 |
R&D in counties, municipalities and local and regional R&D units
A large share of R&D carried out in counties is financed by ALF recsouces. ALF (Agreement for Medical Training and Research) refers to an agreement on compensation that central government issues to certain county councils to cover the majority of costs incurred by clinical training and research. ALF resources are also reported in the R&D survey in the universities and institutions of higher learning sector and are excluded from the total expenditure in the government sector.
In 2017, the counties’ share of total expenditure on intramural R&D in the government sector was 45 percent and amounted to SEK 2.5 billion, an increase of 23 percent in fixed prices. Almost all resources provided by the counties were spent in the health and medical care sector.
Municipalities increased intramural R&D expenditure in 2017 by 120 percent in fixed prices compared with 2015. Many municipalities increased spending and many municipalities that did not report any intramural R&D at all in 2015 did so in 2017.
Local and regional R&D units decreased intramural R&D expenditure in 2017 by SEK 33 million, down by 17 percent.
There were 2 275 FTEs generated by county personnel. FTEs occupied by women amounted to 1 397, an increase of 61 percent compared with 2015. FTEs occupied by men also increased, by 21 percent, compared with the previous survey.
In municipalities, the total number of FTEs increased by 54 percent compared with 2015. The number of FTEs occupied by women increased by 59 percent, while FTEs occupied by men increased by 45 percent compared with the last survey.
The number of intramural R&D FTEs in local and regional R&D units decreased by 11 percent from 2015 to 2017. The largest decrease, 32 percent, was among FTEs occupied by men, while FTEs occupied by women decreased by 6 percent compared with 2015.
2015 | 2017 | |
---|---|---|
Total | 4 099 | 4 752 |
Of which | ||
County councils, excl. ALF resources | 2 064 | 2 536 |
ALF resources | 1 732 | 1 821 |
Municipalities | 104 | 229 |
Local and regional R&D units | 199 | 166 |
Counties | Municipalities | Local and regional R&D units | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Year | Total | Women | Men | Total | Women | Men | Total | Women | Men | |
2015 | 1 583 | 868 | 715 | 161 | 105 | 56 | 201 | 157 | 44 | |
2017 | 2 275 | 1 397 | 878 | 248 | 167 | 81 | 178 | 148 | 30 |
Extramural R&D
In 2017, expenditure on extramural R&D by the government sector amounted to SEK 18.6 billion. Compared with 2015, total spending increased by 4 percent in fixed prices. Recipients of funding are, to a large extent, other public organisations. Government agencies and the public research foundations contributed the most to extramural R&D spending in the government sector, together providing 97 percent of total funding. The recipients of large parts of extramural expenditure provided by government agencies and public research foundations have remained unchanged for a long time. The universities and institutions of higher learning sector received the most, SEK 11.2 billion in fixed prices.
Definitions and explanations
Research and Development (R&D)
Research is systematic work to find new knowledge or ideas with or without the aim of a particular purpose. Development work is a systematic work that uses research results, scientific knowledge or new ideas to bring about new material, goods, services, processes, systems, methods or significant improvements of those that already exist.
Intramural R&D includes activities carried out in Sweden by the organisation’s own personnel, or by consultants in an R&D project led by the organisation, in which the organisation’s personnel have worked together with the consultants. Intramural R&D includes R&D commissioned by other parties.
Extramural R&D refers to when an organisation has paid others to carry out activities (in Sweden or abroad). This also includes grants awarded for R&D, for example to universities or institutions of higher education.
ALF resources
ALF (Agreement for Medical Training and Research) refers to an agreement about compensation that the central government pays to certain county councils to cover the majority of costs incurred by clinical training and research. ALF resources are also reported in the Research and development survey in the university and institutions of higher learning sector. This survey will be published on 26 October 2018.
Next publishing will be
2018-10-26 at 09:30.
Statistical Database
More information is available in the Statistical Database
Feel free to use the facts from this statistical news but remember to state Source: Statistics Sweden.