The service sector refers to NACE 49-82, and 95-96.

For the service sector, confidence indicators are calculated using the formula: confidence indicator = the firm’s business situation (outcome) + demand for the firm’s services (outcome) + demand for the firm’s services (expectations).

For the period 1996-2002, the confidence indicator for the service sector is estimated based on quarterly series for a limited number of service industries.

The confidence indicator is a mean of the net balances (seasonally adjusted and standardised) for the questions above. This time series is then standardised into a new series with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 10 as from 1996.

Further results and information about the Economic Tendency Survey are available at the National Institute of Economic Research.

National Institute of Economic Research