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This report shows the combined experience of more than twenty years of development of the Swedish environmental accounts at Statistics Sweden. The report provides a picture of the driving forces that can cause environmental problems of various kinds. These are economics, population, fuel use and transport. It also describes the impact of these driving forces may have on the environment, i.e., emissions, the use of materials or waste production. Finally, a picture is given of the means to prevent and reduce the environmental problems we cause, such as environmental economic instruments as environmental taxes and environmentally motivated subsidies, companies with activities that promote a better environment and companies’ environmental protection expenditures.